{"id":322,"date":"2023-01-22T17:38:51","date_gmt":"2023-01-22T17:38:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/?p=322"},"modified":"2024-11-05T15:01:13","modified_gmt":"2024-11-05T15:01:13","slug":"%d1%81%d0%be%d0%b1%d0%be%d1%80%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b9-%d1%85%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%bc-%d0%b3-%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/?p=322","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u041e\u0411\u041e\u0420\u041d\u042b\u0419 \u0425\u0420\u0410\u041c \u0433.\u041d\u0418\u0428"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"\/360\/vr\/niscerkva\/#\">\u0421\u041c\u041e\u0422\u0420\u0415\u0422\u042c \u041f\u0410\u041d\u041e\u0420\u0410\u041c\u042b<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" 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href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1856)\">\u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/a> \u0432 1856 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0445\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 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href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0_(%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88)#cite_note-eparhijaniska-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u0412\u0434\u043e\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a \u0432 <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_(1877%E2%80%941878)\">\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0435<\/a>, \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0435 1877 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 <a 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href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BB_(%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87)\">\u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b<\/a> \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u0448\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%A7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2)\">\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/a> \u0438 \u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0430 \u041f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9_(%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">\u0415\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/a> \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b \u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430. \u041d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043a\u043d\u044f\u0437\u044c <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_I_%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87\">\u041c\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447<\/a>, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b. \u0415\u0449\u0451 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u041d\u0438\u0448\u0430, \u0430 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u044b\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 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href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0_(%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88)#cite_note-eparhijaniska-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u0412\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 1915\u20141918 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82\">\u0411\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0430\u0442\u0430<\/a>. \u0412 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435 1921 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f \u041d\u0438\u0448\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B9_(%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87)\">\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0435\u0439<\/a> \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">\u0415\u043b\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/a> \u0432 1915 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0_(%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88)#cite_note-Ozimi\u0107-2\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>. \u0412 1930-\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87,_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">\u0412.&nbsp;\u042f.&nbsp;\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447<\/a>. \u0412 1937 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80)\">\u0410.&nbsp;\u0418.&nbsp;\u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0430<\/a> \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044f \u0441 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438. 4 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 1944 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\">\u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/a>, \u043d\u043e \u043a \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044e 1945 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0_(%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88)#cite_note-eparhijaniska-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">12 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2001 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u0412 \u043e\u0433\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0431 \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u041b\u0443\u044f \u041a\u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0451\u043d 8 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 2006 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0_(%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88)#cite_note-eparhijaniska-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u2014 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u041d\u0438\u0448\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0438 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f 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\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u041d\u0438\u0448\u0435. \u0414\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":323,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,6],"tags":[12],"class_list":["post-322","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vr-panorama","category-serbia","tag---360"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=322"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":406,"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/322\/revisions\/406"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/323"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=322"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=322"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/metrobrutal.ru\/360\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=322"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}